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Anglo-Saxon glass
Anglo-Saxon glass has been found across England during archaeological excavations of both settlement and cemetery sites. Glass in the Anglo-Saxon period was used in the manufacture of a range of objects including vessels, beads, windows and was even used in jewellery.〔Bayley. Glass-working in Early Medieval England. In Price 2000: 137–142.〕 In the 5th century AD with the Roman departure from Britain, there were also considerable changes in the usage of glass.〔Evison. Glass vessels in England, AD 400-1100. In Price 2000: 47–104.〕 Excavation of Romano-British sites have revealed plentiful amounts of glass but, in contrast, the amount recovered from 5th century and later Anglo-Saxon sites is minuscule.〔
The majority of complete vessels and assemblages of beads come from the excavations of early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries, but a change in burial rites in the late 7th century affected the recovery of glass, as Christian Anglo-Saxons were buried with fewer grave goods, and glass is rarely found. From the late 7th century onwards, window glass is found more frequently. This is directly related to the introduction of Christianity and the construction of churches and monasteries.〔〔Heyworth 1992〕 There are a few Anglo-Saxon ecclesiastical〔Ecclesiastical: Of or relating to a church or to an established religion.〕 literary sources that mention the production and use of glass, although these relate to window glass used in ecclesiastical buildings.〔〔〔Harden 1978〕 Glass was also used by the Anglo-Saxons in their jewellery, both as enamel or as cut glass insets.〔Bimson and Freestone. Analysis of some glass from Anglo-Saxon Jewellery. In Price 2000: 137–142.〕〔Bimson 1978.〕
==Glass manufacture==
A clear distinction between glass making and glass working must be made. Glass making is the production of raw glass from the raw materials.〔Biek and Bayley 1979〕 Glass working on the other hand refers to the processing of raw glass or recycled glass to create new glass objects, although this may take place in the same location as glass making, it can also take place elsewhere.
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